დახმარება - ძებნა - წევრები - კალენდარი
სრული ვერსია: კულტურა, ტრადიცია, რიტუალები...
რა? სად? როდის? ფორუმი > სამეცნიერო განყოფილება > მეცნიერება და წიგნები
გვერდი: 1, 2, 3
HOUSE M.D.
data
ხოდა მაგას ვამბობ რომ დამახინჯებულიათქო ტრადიცია, უმეტესობა ქეიფს ანუ "ძირძველ ტრადიციას" ეგ მოყვება...გიორგობა უწმინდესი დღესასწაულია და არა გასალეში და საჩხუბარი დღე!!!
skiron
ციტატა(HOUSE M.D. @ Nov 25 2008, 08:34 PM) *
skiron
საქართველოს, დედების, ძმობის, ტრადიციების სადღეგრძელოს გულამოსკვნით რომ იტყვი და მერე ზედ დააყოლებ ჩემი დედა...ო, მერე სიმთვრალისგან ვიღაცას გრაფინას გადაალეწავ თავზე და ა.შ. ეს კარგი ტრადიციაა?


და ვინ თქვა რომ ეგ ტრადიციაა...

ციტატა
მე ზოგადად ჩხუბზე არ ვამბობ, კაცები ვართ და ყველას გვიჩხუბია,

სუფრაზე და ოჯახში არა


ციტატა
მაგრამ ერთ წუთს რომ კაცს ძმობას ეფიცები,

სუფრაზე ძმობას არავის ვეფიცები

ციტატა
ლაპარაკით ბოლო დონის პატრიოტი და ჰუმანური ადამიანი ხარ და მეორე წუთში ამორალურ ადამიანად იქცევი მე ამაზე მაქვს ლაპარაკი...

პატრიოტიზმი ჰუმანურობას არ ნიშნავს, ისევე როგორც პატრიოტიზმი არ გამორიცხავს ამორალურობას, სუფრის იქითაც ბევრია ამგვარი პრობლემები. მაგას ფარისევლობა ქვია და ზოგადსაკაცობრიო პრობლემაა.

ციტატა
უმეტესობას ტრადიციად მიაჩნია ძალიან დიდი სუფრა, ბევრი ღვინო და სადღეგრძელოს ლამაზად თქმა,

კი ეგეც ტრადიციის ნაწილია.

ციტატა
აქ ამთავრებენ ტრადიციას, მაგრამ სინამდვილეში ტრადიცია აქ კი არ მთავრდება, აქედან იწყება


ტრადიცია იქ იწყება სახლიდან გამოსვლამდე კბილებს რომ გაიხეხავ და გამოსვლისას მეზობელს რომ მიესალმები, მათ შორის არაქართველ მეზობელსაც...

ხშირად თუ ვერ ხვდები კარგ ქეიფზე ეგ არ ნიშნავს რომ ტრადიციები არ ვარგა. კარგად თუ შეეცდები სიფხიზლეშიც შეატყობ ბევრს იმ მანკიერ თვისებებს რასაც შენ ტრადიციას უწოდებ.


კაროჩე ვისაც შეგვიძლია გაგვატარეს პონტია რა. wink.gif
data
skiron
ციტატა
ხშირად თუ ვერ ხვდები კარგ ქეიფზე ეგ არ ნიშნავს რომ ტრადიციები არ ვარგა. კარგად თუ შეეცდები სიფხიზლეშიც შეატყობ ბევრს იმ მანკიერ თვისებებს რასაც შენ ტრადიციას უწოდებ.

ოქროს სიტყვებიაsmile.gif
una
ციტატა(data @ Nov 25 2008, 09:05 PM) *
skiron
ციტატა
ხშირად თუ ვერ ხვდები კარგ ქეიფზე ეგ არ ნიშნავს რომ ტრადიციები არ ვარგა. კარგად თუ შეეცდები სიფხიზლეშიც შეატყობ ბევრს იმ მანკიერ თვისებებს რასაც შენ ტრადიციას უწოდებ.

ოქროს სიტყვებიაsmile.gif


+1
Mathias_Sammer
კარგით რა ხალხო ბავშვები რო უგონოდ სვამენ და მერე ჩხუბობენ იგინებიან და იფურთხებიან ამაში ქართულ კულტურას და ტრადიციას ნუ ადანაშაულებთ ეს ყველაფერი აღზრდის საკითხია, მე პირადად ძალიან დიდ სიამოვნებას ვიღებ სუფრასთან ჯდომით და ისე არ ვიქცევით არც მე და არც ჩემი თანამეინახე როგორც ქუჩაში.
ხოდა რავიცი მე ასე გავიზარდე და ასეთ გარემოცვაში ვარ, თუმცა რასაც HOUSE ამბობს ჩემთვის გასაგებია, მაგრამ ამის გამომწვევი მიზეზი ქართული ტრადიცია არ არის
პაპუნა
სკირონმა ის დაწერა ზუსტად რაც მე რამდენიმე გვერდის წინ ვთქვი, მაგრამ მაინც ვერ მიხვდით smile.gif მაშინ ასე ვიტყვი - საქართველოში ბევრი იჯახი ინგრევა, მაგრამ ოჯახის შექმნის ინსტიტუტს ხომ არ ავკრძალავთ?

ძალიან სამწუხაროა, რომ ზოგიერთს მასეთ სუფრებზე ყოფნა უწევს, ჩვენ როდესაც ვიკრიბებით სუფრასთან, ყოველთვის გვეცოდება და სინანულით მოვიხსენიებთ მასეთ ხალხს : ) მართლაც უვარგისია სისხლის აღების ტრადიცია, წაწლობაც და რომ დაწეროთ, არ ვარგაო, მეც მაგ აზრის ვიქნები, მაგრამ ვიღაც პათოლოგის, დაბალი ინტელექტისა და ხბოს აღტაცების მქონე ხალხის გამო ქართული სუფრის მოშლა დიდ სისულელედ მიმაჩნია. არ მომწონს და არც არასდროს მომწონდა ალაFურშეტები, ფართები და ფურთები. რა სჯობს ნამდვილ ქართულ სუფრას, ლამაზ სიმღერას, ცეკვას. ლამაზ სადღეგრძელოებს, ჯერ მარტო მანდილოსნის პატივისცემა სუფრასთან, რომელიც სხვა ერებს ვერ შევამჩნიე. მაგალითად ამერიკაში შანსი არ არის კაცმა გვერდზე მჯდომ ქალს ბორჯომი გაუხსნას და ჭიქაში დაუსხას, ან კაი ნაჭერი გადმოუღოს ხაშლამიდან.
Mathias_Sammer
პაპუნა
ციტატა
კაი ნაჭერი გადმოუღოს ხაშლამიდან

უუF მომხვდა ჯიგარში biggrin.gif biggrin.gif biggrin.gif
პაპუნა
Mathias_Sammer

ხო იცი, მიხომ რომ თქვა. ქელეხში იმისთანა ნაჭერი გადმოვიღე ხაშლამიდან მიტო ახალ ნივაში მიცვლიდაო laugh.gif
HOUSE M.D.
პაპუნა
skiron
მე ვამბობ რომ ეს ტრადიცია იდეაში მართლაც შესანიშნავია, მაგრამ თანამედროვე საქართველოში არ აღიქვამენ მას სწორად, თქვენისთანა ხალხი ვინც სუფრაზე მოქცევის კულტურა იცის, მითუმეტეს ჩემს თაობაში არც ისე ბევრია, ზუსტად თქვენნაირად ლაპარაკობენ სანამ დალევას დაიწყებენ, მაგრამ 10 ჭიქის შემდეგ აღარავის ახსოვს რაც ილაპარაკა...ანუ "სიტყვა და საქმე გაყრილია..." ეს მართლაც არაა ტრადიციის ბრალი, აღზრდის და კიდევ ათასი ფაქტორის ბრალია, მაგრამ რა მნიშვნელობა აქვს? ხომ ფაქტია რომ ძალიან ბევრ სუფრაზე ასეთი ფაქტები ხდება? რაც შეეხება ჩემს მოხვედრას სუფრაზე და სიფხიზლეში ბევრი მანკიერი თვისებების დანახვაზე, კარგ სუფრებზე მართლა იშვიათად ვხვდები, სიფიხიზლეშიც ძალიან ბევრ ცუდს ვხედავ, მაგრამ ჩვენ ახლა ამ კონკრეტულ ტრადიციაზე ვლაპარაკობთ
HOUSE M.D.
ციტატა(skiron @ Nov 25 2008, 09:03 PM) *
ტრადიცია იქ იწყება სახლიდან გამოსვლამდე კბილებს რომ გაიხეხავ და გამოსვლისას მეზობელს რომ მიესალმები, მათ შორის არაქართველ მეზობელსაც...

კი გეთანხმებიო 100%-ით, მაგრამ ახლა მაგაზე არ ვლაპარაკობთ smile.gif
HOUSE M.D.
თუ ტრადიციაა ეკლესიასთან ახლოს გავლისას პირჯვრის გადაწერა, მაშინ უბრწყინვალესი ტრადიცია გვქონია
diletanti
HOUSE M.D.
ციტატა
ტრადიციაა ეკლესიასთან ახლოს გავლისას პირჯვრის გადაწერა


თუნცად 10 წლის წინაც ხდებოდა ნეტა ეგ? მაპატიეთ, მაგრამ არ მახსოვს
HOUSE M.D.
diletanti
ხოდა მაგიტომ ვთქვი თუ ტრადიციაათქო smile.gif
ginger
საქართველოში შობის ტრადიციაზე ხომ არ მოგეპოვებათ რაიმე ინფორმაცია? ძალიან მჭირდება! წინასწარ მადლობა
diletanti
ციტატა
საქართველოში შობის ტრადიციაზე

ალილო

ბოლო წლებში უფრო ალბათ smile.gif
maNATobeli_999
† Lord Borgeze †

ციტატა
მერე ეგ სადღეგრძელოები რო გადათიშული და საცივში თავჩაყოფილი ხალხით მთავრდება?.. ნუ ეგ ნახევარი..

მეორე ნახევარი კიდე შამფურებით ხმალაობს..



+3
გიგლემა
ციტატა
კულტურა, ტრადიცია, რიტუალები..., აბა ვინ რა ვიცითtongue.gif

ვიცი რომ მათი 99% სრულყოფილი იდიოტობაა...
Illegal Astronaut
GiGlema

უყურე შენ.. biggrin.gif biggrin.gif მართლა?.. ohmy.gif ohmy.gif

გიგლემა
ციტატა
უყურე შენ.. მართლა?..

აბა აბა...
GVANCA
არ გეთანხმები, ბევრი ლამაზი ტრადიცია გვქვს rolleyes.gif
dorian grey
ginger
თუ არ დაგეზარება ბიბლიოთეკაში წასვლა გირჩევდი რამდენიმე წიგნს. ბარდაველიძეს, მაკალათიას, ოჩიაურს smile.gifაქ დაპოსტვა მეზარება , მაგრამ თუ რამე ლინკი მოვიძია დავდებ
dorian grey
უი 17 დეკემბრის ყოფილა ეს პოსტი ეხლა დვააკვირდი biggrin.gif
dorian grey
GiGlema
იდიოტობად გვეჩვენება ის რაც არ მოგვწონს ან მიუღებელია smile.gif
Catherine

ციტატა
არ გეთანხმები, ბევრი ლამაზი ტრადიცია გვქვს


აბა რომელი ტრადიცია მიგაჩნია ლამაზად?
Catherine

ეს ვნახე და მომეწონა და დავდებ smile.gif
anuchi
ankikia

მეც მიყვარს წვრილთვალება ხალხი, წიგნს ვკითხულობ ეხლა და იაპონელობა მომინდა, კიარადა გეიშობა biggrin.gif (მაგრამ კინოს მიხედვით ნუ იმსჯელებთ wink.gif )

გეიშა მართლა ძალიან მაგარი ვიღაცაა..
anuchi
მე მიყვარს აი "ჭონის" ტრადადიაცია.. შეიძლება ყველამ არ იცის, სოფელში დავდიოდითხოლმე ღამღამობით ბავშვები.. ვმღეროდით და ვცეკვადით.. კეთილი ხალხი წითელ კვერხებს გვაძლევდნენ, კაი დრო იყო biggrin.gif


ჰელოუნზე მინდა ინფორმაციააა.. რას გაიძახიან ეშმაკისიაა ეშმაკისააო dry.gif
okicha
რიტუალი = თამაში
ankikia
როგორ მივატოვე ჩემი თემა smile.gif

მივხედავ დღეს მოიცადოს smile.gif
ankikia
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRdfX7ut8gw

Fiddler on the Roof-ჯერი ბოკის მიუზიკლი, ნანახი არ მქონდა smile.gif

მომეწონა smile.gif

აი tsar-ზე ყველაზე საინტერესოა biggrin.gif
sopo
ნიღაბზე მინდა ინფორმაცია (არ ვიცოდი რომელ თემაში დამეწერა და აქ გადავწყვიტე)

მინდა ნიღაბი დროის სხვადასხვა ეპოქაში, მასთან დაკავშირებული რიტუალები და საერთოდ ყველაფერი რაც მას უკავშირდება.

ვინმე თუ იცით საქართველოში ვინც შეისწავლის ნიღბებს. ვენეციურ ნიღბებთან დაკავშირებული ინფორმაცია აგრეთვე.

მართლა ძალიან მჭირდება. PLZZZ. smile.gif
vulkani_lava
გამზითვების ტრადიციებზე არ გსურთ საუბარი ?? biggrin.gif smile.gif
Piano
აი მე იცით რომელი ტრადიცია "მიყვარს"?

ქელეხის... უუუფ !!
ყველაზე ხოშიანი...

მივლენ, დასხდებიან სუფრასთან, ლოთობენ, ტყვრებიან, მიდის ჩახუტება, გაგება და ამბავი... მერე სამარადისო ძმობას ეფიცებიან ერთმანეთს... ბოლოს, სადღაც გაახსენდებათ მიცვალებული, ძალად შეწუხებული სახით რაღაცას მოაბოდიალებენ და ვალმოხდილი სიფათებით გააგრძელებენ მუცლის ამოყორვას...

ქალებს რაც შეეხება, ცხვირაბზუებით ერთმანეთს შეჰყურებენ და მიდის მთელი ამბავი, აიტ, ჟუჟუნას ბოზ რძალს რა უქნია გაიგე?? უი, ეგ სასიკვდილეე...

მერე, ოდესმე ხომ დაძღებიან და დაიშლებიან, სახლში მისულები კიდევ ერთმანეთს უზიარებენ რომელი კერძი როგორი იყო და რომელს აკლდა ომბალო...

თითოეულ მიცვალებულს რაღაც "მუღამი" აქვს ამ მხრივ...


ფუ !
Piano
გამზითვები biggrin.gif

ბაზარი მიდის მერე

დედამთილი: შენ რა ოჯახში შემოსაშვები იყავი, მზითვებიც არ მოგიტანია შე გათახსირებულო !! (მზითვები რო მოეტანა კიდე აიტანდა ერთი-ორი თვე )

რძალი: (გაკაპასებული)
შენ რაღა დამახვედრე? ის ყავის სერვიზი დედაჩემმა მიყიდა შენ და შენი დაქალები ყავას რო უთხლაშუნებთ დღე და ღამეე...

... და აქვითინებული მეუღლეს ჩაეკვრება, რომელსაც ყველაფრის მიუხედავად დედა უყვარს, და ადრე თუ გვიან ამის გამო გაშორდება მეუღლეს...
ankikia
ახლა დავწერე იაპონელებზე უფრო ვრცლად, ვისაც გაიტერესებთ შეგიძლიათ წაიკითხოთ და ამ დიდი ხნის გახნილ თემას ამით ვამთავრებ იაპონელებზე, თუმცა ბევრი სხვა რამის თქმაც შეიძლება, და გადავალ სხვა ქვეყანაზე, იმედია ამხელა ინტერვალით აღარ biggrin.gif

Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters which make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes identified as the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan comprises over 3,000 islands[5] making it an archipelago. The first signs of occupation on the Japanese Archipelago appeared with a Paleolithic culture around 30,000 BC, followed from around 14,000 BC by the Jōmon period, a Mesolithic to Neolithic semi-sedentary hunter-gatherer culture of pit dwelling and a rudimentary form of agriculture.
The four largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for 97% of Japan's land area. Most of the islands are mountainous, many volcanic; More than 70% of Japan consists of mountains, including more than 200 volcanoes, for example, Japan’s highest peak, Mount Fuji, is a volcano. Japan has the world's tenth largest population, with about 128 million people. Japan's population is estimated at around 127.3 million.[91] Close to Russia. For the most part, Japanese society is linguistically and culturally homogeneous with small populations of foreign workers, Zainichi Koreans, Zainichi Chinese, Filipinos, Japanese Brazilians and others. This densely populated country is very beautiful thtoughout the cycle of the seasons.
World is fulfilled with many beautiful, extremely attractive countries and cities, but, even though, Japan has something special. What is this, which we can call “special”? what is the frame of Japanese “”beauty? Let”s see.
Japan is not a big or very big country, it is small to USA or Canada. However, Japan is blessed with a climate and terrain of astonishing variety-from northern areas to tropical southern regions, from snowfall to pineapples and mangoes. Japan is divided by mountains and all parts of its territory have their own, specific characteristics. Being an island nation, Japan has always been blessed with an abundant supply of resources from the sea: 1) First of all, Japan was free from invasion in the past and this enabled it to preserve its own distinctive culture; 2) A natural setting, that is rich in seasonal changes and blessed with a variety of vegetation, fields and mountains enabled Japanese to create a culture that coexists in harmony with nature.
The marvelous shifting of the seasons and seasonal variation in Japan”s plant life inspired not only the art of flower arrangement (ikebana), but also the sense of tea ceremony (cha no yu). A similar awareness of nature created the beauty of Japanese garden.
Except this, the daily lives of Japanese were based on agriculture and fishing, both of which are intricately connected with the seasons. Thus, numerous festivals and customs are based upon and reflect the season.
Harmony and identification with nature lie at the heart of Japanese culture.
People usually say: “Japan has four clearly marked seasons.” But, European observer, at least can distinguish six or seven stages during the cycle of the seasons.
For example, spring is divided at least, into two stages: early spring- February and March, when winter is not so strong any more, but the spring is not strong as well. At this time, the main beauty is the plum blossom, the pink flower of the plum, which almost declares: “Hello, the spring has come.” Lately, in April the “real spring” is established: the white clouds of cherry blossoms settled all over the Japan, over the towns and countrysides. This is real spring season. Then, unexpectedly, the curtain of cloud and rain lifts up. This season is known as early summer (shoka). Shoka is very rainy: heavy rain runs all over the Japan. Only from the end of July the normal summer climate is established. It means sunshining, hot and, what is very hard: high level of the humility. It seems like difficult to breath. But, anyway swimming, camping and other activities are making jollity from this season. On the end of the August, when the butterflies start out of the bushes, autumn is coming up. September is the best season for typhoons, but some days are pleasantly cool. The 2-end of the autumn is extremely beautiful, -it is completely red. This reddish autumn is covered with the red leaves of maple trees. After that comes the winter: cold and dry. But it is not the end. The cycle seasons wil go on, with no final curtain. And will curtain to go on and play an important part in Japanese life.
ankikia
The Japanese love of nature is legendary. From earliest times, Japanese poetry has sung the beauties of nature: cherry blossoms, maple trees and etc. the beauty of nature requires an emotional and intuitive response. Moon-viewing and snow-viewing are the best occasions for the declaration of love and composition of tasteful poetry. Harmonious relation is an important aesthetic ideal for Japanese. Observer must respond to nature.
But nature in japan does not consist only of cherry blossoms, beautiful flowers or silver snow. The Japanese archipelago is located in the famous “pacific ring of Fire”, one of the world”s greatest zones of geological activity. Volcnoes, catastrophic earthquakes, tsunamis are the frequent guests of japan. These however the Japanese tend to see the forces of nature as something good, something to accept and to adapt rather to fight and conquer.
Why?
We all know, that in the west, by Christian doctrine, nature is a paradise that man can impose his will. We have a different picture in Chinese mythology. According to Chinese egend, nature is beneficent and protecting and man free of the shadow of death. None of these understandings seems to have place in the Japanese view of nature. By Japanese philosophy, nature and man are one, inseparable in essence. Man is neither the victim, the enemy, nor the lord of the nature, but adapter to and collaborator with it. Nature can therefore be neither “owned” nor “subdued”, but only entered into and embraced.
The Japanese view of nature has always been tied to the rhythm of the seasons.
This interesting country is an example of beauty too.
According to these rasons, gardening is in nature of Japanese people. With the development of all these japan can mix crowded city with the traditional japanese townhouse, Machiya. Machiya is a place of a quiet refuge.
Machiya is built entirely of natural materials-unpainted wood and bamboo. It has paper windows and Tatami-floor, made from rice. Windows are not painted, wallpapers are not painted as well. Everything is simple and quiet. Tatami-floor is beloved in summer. It”s cool comfort is still considered an ideal place to stretch out and listen hopefully to the sounds of nature. Japanese not only sit, but sleep on the Tatami. Women have to lay out the futon bedding at night and put it away each morning.
Shoes are never worn inside the home. This habit is underlining a distinction between the world outside and the sacred space within.
Compared with Western living, the traditional Japanese house is Spartan: wooden chests, screens and low tables, by name Kotatsu, are the only furnishings. Japanese are sitting on Tatami-floors and viewing the gardens through the opened windows. The gardens are designed to be seen from a sealed position.
One can say, that it is love affair between house and garden, that gives a traditional Japanese dwelling it”s special beauty. Doors and windows are designed to be removed, allowing the outside world in.
The house and garden form a single unit. Stepping stones or bamboo “sleeves” links them. Beyond the stylistic motifs, this symbolizes the physical and spiritual relationship between the man and nature.
There are many different kinds of gardens all over Japan, sand and stone gardens, often linked with the halls of great Buddhist temples. All these gives as expression of eternal past. Religion in Japan is interesting occasion to observe. Japanese born and baptized as Buddhists, grow up as shintoists and die as Buddhists. The reasons is, that buddism recognizes life after death, according this religion soul transforms and after death returns as: bird, flower, human… while shintoism is a life religion and doesn’t recognize life after death.
With about 365 milliion followers -- 6% of the world's population -- Buddhism is the fourth largest religion in the world. It is exceeded in numbers only by Christianity, Islam and Hinduism. Buddhism was founded in Northern India by Siddhartha Gautama. However, Buddhists believe that there were countless Buddhas before him and that there will be many more after him. In the sixth century BCE, Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment and assumed the title Lord Buddha (one who has awakened). Buddhism later died out in India, but had become established in Sri Lanka.
Buddhism was first introduced to Japan from Baekje of Korean Peninsula. Buddhism was promoted by the ruling class and eventually gained growing acceptance since the Asuka period. The highest estimates for the amount of Buddhists and Shintoists in Japan is 84-96%, representing a large number of believers in a syncretism of both religions. From there, it expanded across Asia, evolving into two or three main forms:
Theravada Buddhism (sometimes called Southern Buddhism; occasionally spelled Therevada) "has been the dominant school of Buddhism in most of Southeast Asia since the thirteenth century, with the establishment of the monarchies in Thailand, Burma, Cambodia and Laos."
Mahayana Buddhism (sometimes called Northern Buddhism) is largely found in China, Japan, Korea, Tibet and Mongolia.
Vajrayāna Buddhism (a.k.a. Tantric Buddhism, Mantrayana, Tantrayana, Esoteric Buddhism, or True Words Sect). Some consider this to be a part of Mahayana Buddhism; others view it as a third Buddhist path.
To these might be added:
Tibetan Buddhism. This developed largely in isolation from Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism because of the remoteness of Tibet.
Zen Buddhism. This developed from within the Chinese Mahayana school known as Chan. Zen Buddhism is becoming increasingly popular in the West.
ankikia
Since the late 19th century:
Modern Buddhism has emerged as a truly international movement. It started as an attempt to produce a single form of Buddhism, without local accretions, that all Buddhists could embrace.
"Buddhism has the characteristics of what would be expected in a cosmic religion for the future: it transcends a personal God, avoids dogmas and theology; it covers both the natural & spiritual, and it is based on a religious sense aspiring from the experience of all things, natural and spiritual, as a meaningful unity" A widely cited, but apparently spurious quotation attributed to Albert Einstein.
"The greatest achievement is selflessness.
The greatest worth is self-mastery.
The greatest quality is seeking to serve others.
The greatest precept is continual awareness.
The greatest medicine is the emptiness of everything.
The greatest action is not conforming with the worlds ways.
The greatest magic is transmuting the passions.
The greatest generosity is non-attachment.
The greatest goodness is a peaceful mind.
The greatest patience is humility.
The greatest effort is not concerned with results.
The greatest meditation is a mind that lets go.
The greatest wisdom is seeing through appearances." Atisha.
Shinto is an ancient Japanese religion. Starting about 500 BC (or earlier) it was originally "an amorphous mix of nature worship, fertility cults, divination techniques, hero worship, and shamanism." Its name was derived from the Chinese words "shin tao" ("The Way of the Gods") in the 8th Century CE. At that time:
The Yamato dynasty consolidated its rule over most of Japan.
Divine origins were ascribed to the imperial family.
Shinto established itself as an official religion of Japan, along with Buddhism.
The complete separation of Japanese religion from politics did not occur until just after World War II. The Emperor was forced by the American army to renounce his divinity at that time. Unlike most other religions, Shinto has no real founder, no written scriptures, no body of religious law, and only a very loosely-organized priesthood. Shinto creation stories tell of the history and lives of the "Kami" (deities). Among them was a divine couple, Izanagi-no-mikoto and Izanami-no-mikoto, who gave birth to the Japanese islands. Their children became the deities of the various Japanese clans. Amaterasu Omikami (Sun Goddess) was one of their daughters. She is the ancestress of the Imperial Family and is regarded as the chief deity. Her shrine is at Ise. Her descendants unified the country. Her brother, Susano came down from heaven and roamed throughout the earth. He is famous for killing a great evil serpent. The Kami are the Shinto deities. The word "Kami" is generally translated "god" or "gods." However, the Kami bear little resemblance to the gods of monotheistic religions. There are no concepts which compare to the Christian beliefs in the wrath of God, his omnipotence and omni-presence, or the separation of God from humanity due to sin. There are numerous other deities who are conceptualized in many forms:
Those related to natural objects and creatures, from "food to rivers to rocks."
Guardian Kami of particular areas and clans.
Exceptional people, including all but the last of the emperors.
Abstract creative forces.
About 84% of the population of Japan follow two religions: both Shinto and Buddhism. As in much of Asia, Christianity is very much a minority religion. 12 Fewer than 1% of Japanese adults are Christians. Buddhism first arrived in Japan from Korea and China during the 6th through 8th centuries CE. The two religions share a basic optimism about human nature, and for the world. Within Shinto, the Buddha was viewed as another "Kami". Meanwhile, Buddhism in Japan regarded the Kami as being manifestations of various Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. Most weddings are performed by Shinto priests; funerals are performed by Buddhist priests. Shinto does not have as fully developed a theology as do most other religions. It does not have its own moral code. Shintoists generally follow the code of Confucianism. Their religious texts discuss the "High Plain of Heaven" and the "Dark Land" which is an unclean land of the dead, but give few details of the afterlife.
Ancestors are deeply revered and worshipped. All of humanity is regarded as "Kami's child." Thus all human life and human nature is sacred. Believers revere "musuhi", the Kamis' creative and harmonizing powers. They aspire to have "makoto", sincerity or true heart. This is regarded as the way or will of Kami. Morality is based upon that which is of benefit to the group. "Shinto emphasizes right practice, sensibility, and attitude." There are "Four Affirmations"in Shinto:
1. Tradition and the family: The family is seen as the main mechanism by which traditions are preserved. Their main celebrations relate to birth and marriage.
2. Love of nature: Nature is sacred; to be in contact with nature is to be close to the Gods. Natural objects are worshipped as sacred spirits.
3. Physical cleanliness: Followers of Shinto take baths, wash their hands, and rinse out their mouth often.
4. "Matsuri": The worship and honor given to the Kami and ancestral spirits.
It is also interesting fact that many Japanese do not know the difference between Shintoism and Buddhism.

ankikia
The most immediately striking theme in the Shinto religion is a great love and reverence for nature. Thus, a waterfall, the moon, or just an oddly shaped rock might come to be regarded as a kami; so might charismatic persons or more abstract entities like growth and fertility. As time went by, the original nature-worshipping roots of the religion, while never lost entirely, became attenuated and the kami took on more reified and anthropomorphic forms, with a formidable body of myth attached to them. The kami, however, are not transcendent deities in the usual Western and Indian sense of the word. Although divine, they are close to humanity; they inhabit the same world as we do, make the same mistakes as we do, and feel and think the same way as we do. The deceased will usually become kami, with their power and main characteristics given by their doings in life. Those believing other religions may be also venerated as kami after death, if there are Shinto believers who wish them to be.
One of the most famous parts of Japanese history is the life of samurai, linked with Buddhism religion. The appearance of samurai”s clan in japan is deeply connected with Zen Buddhism. The word samurai has its origins in the pre-Heian period Japan when it was pronounced saburai, meaning servant or attendant. It was not until the early modern period, namely the Azuchi-Momoyama period and early Edo period of the late 16th and early 17th centuries that the word saburai became substituted with samurai. However, by then, the meaning had already long before changed.
Zen Buddhism, as main religious belief was established in Japan in 5-th century. It became a perfect doctrine for two mostly privileged social groups: priests and warriors. Zen was relying on the spiritual strength, which was very important for priest , as well as relying on the braveness, which was necessary for the warriors. But Zen was trying not to dissociate those two aspects, but to reunite them. According to Zen, spiritual strength was as much important for warriors, who were facing death, as it was for priests, and, on the other hand, braveness was much necessary for priests, who were isolating themselves from the real world until their death, as it was for warriors. Though, death was understood as a synthesis of ascetics and braveness. Zen became the doctrine of a strong will, which never considered death as defeat. In contrary, death was a confirmation of person”s strong nature. There is no reason to be afraid of death, was claiming Zen, death is a declaration of person”s strong will.
Such an idealization of death in Zen”s philosophy was the perfect choice for Samurais, hired warriors, who were dealing with death almost every day in their casual life.
This specific understanding of death, recalled a quite positive relation of Zen towards the Suicide. According to Zen, the act of suicide was demonstrating the strength and braveness of a person. This position was, of course, completely different from the Christian way of thinking, according to which the suicide is nothing more than sin.
Such attitude of Zen towards the suicide caused an establishment of Hara-kiri ritual, which was the specific and beloved by Samurais from of suicide. Samurai was performing hara-kiri in the name of patron”s honor or in the name of his own family”s honor.
In the ancient times, hara-kiri looked like a performance with one hero and many observers. Usually, Samurai was performing hara-kiri in the centre of a square in front of a big amount of people. The main instrument for hara-kiri was Samurai”s sword, as a symbol of self-confidence and self-conciseness. The history of Japan knows many interesting facts of hara-kiri.
During the centuries hara-kiri has changed it”s character. It is no more the thetric performance. It had moved out from the streets towards the houses and hotel rooms. Exception from this was hara-kiri of one of the greatest writers of 20th century Yukio Mishima. On November 25 of 1970, Mishima, who was born and raised in an old Samurai family, expressed his deep protest against the social-political changes in Japan and performed hara-kiri in the centre of Tokyo.
Even nowadays Japanese are fond of hara-kiri: this is one of the strongest traditions throughout the centuries.
Japan is interesting for its culture too, by my opinion, most intereting to speak about is its culture. Time by time its geographical location, religious beliefs developed Japanese culture.
Most significant culture is Ikebana. Ikebana is the Japanese art of flower arrangement. It has gained widespread international fame for its focus on harmony, color use, rhythm, and elegantly simple design. It is an art centered greatly on expressing the seasons, and is meant to act as a symbol to something greater than the flower itself. Traditionally when third party marriages were more prominent and practiced in Japan many Japanese women entering into a marriage did learn to take up the art of Ikebana to be a more appealing and well-rounded lady. Today Ikebana is widely practiced in Japan, as well as around the world. Gardening is a very important part of Japanese life. Even the house is usually fulfilled with different types of plants, especially seasonal flowers. From the very ancient times Japanese were inspired with an art of flower arrangement-Ikebana.
Ikebana aims to reflect the patterns of plant and the natural balance of colour and plant material. The word itself contains the nuance of “bringing flwers to life”. And Japanese are “bringing to life” seasonal flowers: tulips, chrysanthemums, lilies and etc.
ankikia
Start from painting, which has been an art in Japan for a very long time: the brush is a traditional writing tool, and the extension of that to its use as an artist's tool was probably natural. Native Japanese painting techniques are still in use today, as well as techniques adopted from continental Asia and from the West.
Calligraphic art is often too esoteric for Western audiences and therefore general exposure is very limited. However in East Asian countries, the rendering of text itself is seen as a traditional artform as well as a means of conveying written information. The written work can consist of phrases, poems, stories, or even single characters. The style and format of the writing can mimic the subject matter, even to the point of texture and stroke speed. In some cases it can take over one hundred attempts to produce the desired effect of a single character but the process of creating the work is considered as much an art as the end product itself.This art form is known as ‘Shodo’ (書道) which literally means ‘the way of writing or calligraphy’ or more commonly known as ‘Shuji’ (習字) ‘learning how to write characters’.Commonly confused with Calligraphy is the art form known as ‘Sumi-e’ (墨絵) literally means ‘ink painting’ which is the art of painting a scene or object.
The four traditional theatres from Japan are noh, kyogen, kabuki and bunraku. Noh had its origins in the union of the sarugaku with music and dance made by Kanami and Zeami Motokiyo.[1] Among the characteristic aspects of it are the masks, costumes and the stylized gestures, sometimes accompanied by a fan that can represent other objects. The noh programs are presented in alternation with the ones of kyogen, traditionally in number of five, but currently in groups of three. The kyogen, of humorous character, had older origin, in 8th century entertainment brought from China, developing itself in sarugaku. In kyogen masks are rarely used and even if the plays can be associated with the ones of noh, currently many are not.[1] Kabuki appears in the beginning of the Edo period from the representations and dances of Izumo no Okuni in Kyoto.[2] Due to prostitution of actresses of kabuki the participation of women in the plays was forbidden by the government in 1629 and the feminine characters had passed to be represented only by men (onnagata). Recent attempts to reintroduce actresses in kabuki had not been well accepted.[2] Another characteristic of kabuki is the use of makeup for the actors in historical plays (kumadori). Japanese puppet theater bunraku developed in the same period that kabuki in a competition and contribution relation involving actors and authors. The origin of bunraku however is older, lies back in the Heian period.[3] In 1914 appeared the Takarazuka Revue a company solely composed by women who introduced the revue in Japan.
Hereby I can metion some facts I chose from Japanese culture: Noodles, especially soba (buckwheat), are slurped very loudly when eaten. It is often said slurping symbolizes the food is delicious, but the slurping also serves to cool down the hot noodles for eating. Man in Japan shave their heads to apologize. Tokyo has had 24 recorded instances of people either killed or receiving serious skull fractures while bowing to each other with the traditional Japanese greeting.
One of the most expensive culture is clothing in Japan. The kimono is a traditional form of clothing worn by Japanese women and men. There are many different kimono styles. There are different kinds of kinomos to be worn by different parts of society. For a young women having a traditional Japanese wedding, they wear the most gorgeous Kimono called Uchikake. Most people rent this kimono, however the rental still costs around A$5000. The white Uchikake (pictured on the left) is just part of the elaborate Japanese wedding ceremony.
If you look carefully you will be able to see how the Uchikake is very long and would touch the ground if it was not held up. Unlike traditional Western wedding dresses, that have train or material that flows along the ground at the back of the dress, the Uchikake is long all the way around. The bride has to be assisted by one of her attendants to walk in this kimono. When a young Japanese woman turns 20 years old, she is recognised as an adult. She has the right to vote, is responsible for any crimes and is allowed to smoke and drink (officially).
Many parents buy the Furisode for their daughters to celebrate this significant point in a young woman's life. Furisode is a formal kimono for single women, it is brightly colored and made of very fine quality silk. In the very modest Japanese society wearing a Furisode is a very obvious statement. It is a very loud and clear advertisement that the single woman is available for marriage.
One of the major points of difference with the furisode are the long sleeves. Actually they are very long. The sleeves go right to the ground.
Furisode are mainly worn for major social functions such as wedding ceremonies or tea ceremonies until they get married. Depending on the quality of the materials, design and workmanship, a furisode normally costs around A$15,000 for the whole outfit. I”d like to mark, that not only kimonos have such giant prices in Japan, but melons too, similar to a cantelope which may be sold for $300.
ankikia
The second Monday in January is a public holiday called 'Adult Day' and many young women attend a ceremony wearing their Furisode kimono.
The Yukata is a casual light cotton kimono for wearing in summer. Yukatas normally have very brightly coloured designs on them. Today these kimonos are mainly worn to the traditional Bon-Odori and summer festivals. The relative simply design of Yukata means Japanese women can, with some practice, put this kimono on unassisted.
The name yukata comes from the word ‘yu’ (bath) and ‘katabira’ (under clothing). In the Heian era (794-1185), court nobles wore linen ‘yukata’ which were draped loosely after taking a bath. The yukata was later also worn by Japanese warriors and by the Edo era (1600-1868), it was widely worn by the public when public bath became a popular recreation in Japan.
Today, the yukata is widely worn as a casual wear in summer, as well as in festivals. Further, the yukata is also widely worn in ‘ryokan’ (traditional Japanese inn). The yukata is loved for its lightweight cotton material. Fabric designs vary from the traditional plain cross hatch pattern to the more colourful designs. A cotton sash is usually worn with the yukata for casual daily or nightly wear. In attending festivals and public occasions, the yukata is worn with a wider belt, which can be simply wrapped around the waist and tucked in at the end. For a more formal appearance, the yukata is worn with an obi belt, along with a matching geta (wooden sandals) and purse to complete the attire.
Japanese girls and young Japanese women both here in Australia and in Japan enjoy the opportunity to dress in their Yukatas. Today there are not as many suitable chances to wear this colourful traditional Japanese outfit.
In Australia many Bon-Odori festivals feature a Yukata competition, which is a little like a traditional beauty pageant. The major difference is the emphasis on adherence to traditional style including hair, make-up, foot ware and disposition.
When a Japanese woman marries, many parents buy their daughters another kimono, the houmongi. The houmongi takes over the role the furisode played in the life when she was single. The houmongi is the married woman's formal kimono. This would be worn when attending Japanese weddings or tea ceremonies. An example of a houmongi can be seen on the left.
The tomesode is a formal Japanese kimono. A married woman would normally wear a tomesode to a Japanese wedding ceremony of a close relative. It would not be worn to a friend's wedding or any other ceremonies. The houmongi is used for these occasions.
‘Hadajuban’ is the first undergarment worn in the kimono attire. It is so named as it is worn next to the skin.
We need to discuss Japanese women too. On one side women gardening at home, looking after families, on the other side interesting precedent of Geishas. Who are geishas? Geisha (芸者 "person of the arts") are traditional Japanese artist-entertainers. The word Geiko is also used to describe such persons. Geisha were very common in the 18th and 19th centuries, and are still in existence today, although their numbers are dwindling. "Geisha," pronounced /ˈgeɪ ʃa/ ("gay-sha") is the most familiar term to English speakers, and the most commonly used within Japan as well, but in the Kansai region the terms geigi and, for apprentice geisha, "Maiko" have also been used since the Meiji Restoration. The term maiko is only used in Kyoto districts. The English pronunciation ˈgi ʃa ("gee-sha") or the phrase "geisha girl," common during the American occupation of Japan, carry connotations of prostitution, as some young women, desperate for money and calling themselves "geisha," sold themselves to American troops.
The geisha tradition evolved from the taikomochi or hōkan, similar to court jesters. The first geisha were all male; as women began to take the role they were known as onna geisha (女芸者), or "woman artist (female form)." Geisha today are exclusively female, aside from the Taikomochi. Taikomochi are exceedingly rare. Only three are currently registered in Japan. They tend to be far more bawdy than geisha. Other public figures who contributed to the creation of the modern geisha were Oiran, or courtesans, and Odoriko, dancing girls. The Odoriko in particular influenced geisha to include dance as part of their artistic repertoire.
Geisha were traditionally trained from young childhood. Geisha houses often bought young girls from poor families, and took responsibility for raising and training them. During their childhood, apprentice geisha worked first as maids, then as assistants to the house's senior geisha as part of their training and to contribute to the costs of their upkeep and education. This long-held tradition of training still exists in Japan, where a student lives at the home of a master of some art, starting out doing general housework and observing and assisting the master, and eventually moving up to become a master in her own right (see also irezumi). This training often lasts for many years.
The course of study traditionally starts from a young age and encompasses a wide variety of arts, including Japanese musical instruments (particularly the shamisen) and traditional forms of singing, traditional dance, tea ceremony, flower arranging (ikebana), poetry and literature. By watching and assisting senior geisha, they became skilled in the complex traditions surrounding selecting, matching, and wearing precious kimono, and in various games and the art of conversation, and also in dealing with clients.
Once a woman became an apprentice geisha (a maiko) she would begin to accompany senior geisha to the tea houses, parties and banquets that constitute a geisha's work environment. To some extent, this traditional method of training persists, though it is of necessity foreshortened. Modern geisha are no longer bought by or brought into geisha houses as children. Becoming a geisha is now entirely voluntary. Most geisha now begin their training in their late teens.
ankikia
Are geishas prostitutes? Strictly speaking, geisha are not prostitutes. Because they entertain men behind closed doors in an exclusive manner, there has been much speculation about the underpinnings of their profession. The confusion that surrounds this issue has been complicated by Japanese prostitutes who wish to co-opt the prestige of the geisha image, and by inaccurate depictions of geisha in Western popular culture. Although a geisha may choose to engage in sexual relations with one of her patrons.
The first geisha was indeed a courtesan named Kako. Over time, she discovered that she had no need to engage in the red-light district. Kako was directly or indirectly to heir to many schools of Japanese art. She called herself a geisha ("arts-person") and confined herself to giving artistic performances.
Occasionally, a geisha may choose to take a danna (an old fashioned word for husband), which is typically a wealthy man who has the means to support a geisha mistress. Although a geisha may fall in love with her danna, the affair is customarily contingent upon the danna's ability to financially support the geisha's lifestyle. The traditional conventions and values within such a relationship are very intricate and not well understood, even by many Japanese. Because of this, the true intimate role of the geisha remains the object of much speculation, and often misinterpretation, in Japan as well as abroad.
And for the end I put the theme which is one of the most interesting and sometimes odd in Japan. Their rituals and festivals. Rituals are very important occasions of Japanese life. Different festivals are bringing bright colours, wonderful visual effects and nice feelings. Festivals provide people with a chance to rest the routine of ordinary life, to get away from everyday problems and relax. Of all yearly festivals the busiest and the most important is the New Year in January. During three days of January business and governmental offices close down. Streets and cities become unusually quiet, because crowds of people desert then to return to their homes all over country.
In folk tradition, the New Year was a time to welcome the God of rice-growing and the deity of incoming year. The arrival of the God rice-growing at village houses guaranteed a good rice crop in the year to come. In modern times this belief is partly loosed, but, anyway, Japanese are visiting Shinto shrines and praying for their health and wealth in the incoming year.
Before New Year must settle all debts and obligations. The house must be ceremonially cleaned inside and out, because the year should begin with a sparkling clean house. The house must also be decorated for the season.
On New Year”s morning family members sit down for a feast of traditional dishes in the presence of the God of New Year. Special New Year”s food includes rice-soup, different kinds of vegatables, fish, sake and New Year sweets. The whole family is dressed up in their kimonos to visit the shrine. Each year, over eighty million Japanese are said to visit a temple or shrine during the first three days of the New Year.Many relatives and old friends are visiting each other special greeting cards-Nen-gajo. Children are very happy, because they usually receive many gifts and money.
Especially happy in January are the young people of the appropriate age. On January 15 is an Age Day, a national holiday to honor all those who have turned or will turn twenty during the calendar year. Young people usually are wearing their best kimonos and taking photos. On this day local governments across Japan are arranging meetings with twenty-year-olds, they congratulate the adults and remind them their civic responsibilities.
Except this special Age Day there are some other days also connected with different passages of people”s life. There are gender-specific festive occasions for boys and girls as well: Doll”s festival --- This is the day families pray for the happiness and prosperity of their girls and to help ensure that they grow up healthy and beautiful. The celebration takes place both inside the home and at the seashore. Both parts are meant to ward off evil spirits from girls. Young girls put on their best kimonos and visit their friends' homes. Tiered platforms for hina ningyō (hina dolls; a set of dolls representing the emperor, empress, attendants, and musicians in ancient court dress) are set up in the home, and the family celebrates with a special meal of hishimochi (diamond-shaped rice cakes) and shirozake (rice malt with sake)., Streamers festival--- May is the month of the Iris Festival. The tall-stemmed Japanese iris is a symbolic flower. Its long, narrow leaves resemble the sharp blades off a sword, and for many centuries it has been the custom to place iris leaves in a boy's bath to give him a martial spirit. Originally May 5 was a festival for boys corresponding to the Doll Festival, for girls, but in 1948 it was renamed Children's Day, and made a national holiday. However, this might be a misnomer; the symbols of courage and strength mainly honor boys. It is customary on this day for families with male children to fly koinobori (carp streamers, a symbol of success) outside the house, display warrior dolls (musha ningyō) inside, and eat chimaki (rice cakes wrapped in cogan grass or bamboo leaves) and kashiwamochi (rice cakes filled with bean paste and wrapped in oak leaves). Also known as kodomo no hi, star festival--- It originated from a Chinese folk legend concerning two stars-the Weaver Star (Vega) and the Cowherd Star (Altair)-who were said to be lovers who could meet only once a year on the 7th night of the 7th month provided it didn't rain and flood the Milky Way. It was named Tanabata after a weaving maiden from a Japanese legend who was believed to make clothes for the gods. People often write wishes and romantic aspirations on long, narrow strips of coloured paper and hang them on bamboo branches along with other small ornaments.and etc.
ankikia
Among the religious festivals dominates 4 the most ancient festivals: Aoi-matsuri, Gion-matsuri, Obon-matsuri and Jidai-matsuri.
Aoi festival is celebrated in May and traditionally comes from 6th century. It is connected with tradition to pray to the gods and ask them to stop destructive winds and heavy rains. On this day over hundred participants are dressed in ancient costumes.
Aoi Matsuri was started by Emperor Kinmei in the sixth century to quiet the deities to save their precious harvest. There were either great storms or an unripe grain that caused the people of Kyoto to pay attention to these deities. Whatever the case, the Kamo-deities were thought to be angry at the disrespect of the people and had put a curse on the city. A diviner determined that it was the deities enshrined at the Kamigamo and Shimogamo Shrines were the ones who were upset at the people of Kyoto. In response to this, Emperor Kinmei had special rites performed at the two shrines to quiet the deities. Then magically, either the storms cleared or the grained ripened and the harvest was saved. Later, in the ninth century, Emperor Kanmu recognized these deities as protectors and establishes Aoi Matsuri as an annual imperial event. There are two parts to Aoi Matsuri: the procession and the shrine rites. The procession is the lead by the Imperial Messenger. Following the imperial messenger are: two oxcarts, four cows, thirty-six horses, and six hundred people. All of which are dressed in traditional Heian period costumes decorated with aoi leaves. The procession starts at 10:30 of May 15 and leaves the Kyoto Imperial Palace and slowly works its way towards the Shimogamo shrine and finally the Kamigamo shrine. When they finally arrive at both shrines, the Saio-Dai and Imperial Messenger would perform their rituals. The Saio-Dai would simply pay her respects to the deities and the Imperial Messenger would intone the imperial rescript praising the deities and requesting their continued favor. The main focus of Aoi Matsuri is on May 15, but the festival actually begins on May 3. It begins with an archery display performed on horseback at the Shimogamo shrine. This archery display part of the purification ritual for the procession as well as a display of skill. Also on May 3, the Saio-Dai is purified in a ceremony at Kamigamo shrine. Then, on May 12, the Mikage Matsuri is held. This is when the official festival priests go to the Mikage shrine to pick up the deities and bring them to the Shimogamo shrine. Aoi Matsuri started out as a ritual to gain the favor of the deities of the Shimogamo and Kamigamo shrines. Now it is a wonderfully elegant display of the rituals performed in the traditional Heian court style to gain the favor of the deities of the Shimogamo and Kamigamo shrine so that the people of Kyoto can have a good harvest.
Gion festival is held in July. It dates back to 9th century. People, dressed in traditional costumes carry so named Hoko (spears) to the temple.
The Gion Festival (祇園祭 Gion Matsuri?) takes place annually in Kyoto and is one of the most famous festivals in Japan. It spans the entire month of July and is crowned by a parade, the Yamaboko Junkō (山鉾巡行 ?) on July 17. Kyoto's downtown area is reserved for pedestrian traffic on the three nights leading up to the massive parade. These nights are known as yoiyama (宵山) on July 16th, yoiyoiyama (宵々山) on July 15th, and yoiyoiyoiyama (宵々々山) on July 14th. The streets are lined with night stalls selling food such as yakitori (barbecued chicken skewers), taiyaki, takoyaki, okonomiyaki, traditional Japanese sweets, and many other culinary delights. Many girls dressed in yukata (summer kimono) walk around the area, carrying with them traditional purses and paper fans. During the yoiyama eves leading up to the parade, some private houses in the old kimono merchant district open their entryways to the public, exhibiting valuable family heirlooms, in a custom known as the Byōbu Matsuri, or Folding Screen Festival. This is a precious opportunity to visit and observe traditional Japanese residences of Kyoto. The floats in the Yoiyama Parade are divided into two groups, Hoko and Yama, and are collectively called Yamaboko (or Yamahoko). There are 9 of the larger Hoko (long pole or halberd) which represent the 66 spears used in the original purification ritual, and 23 of the smaller Yama which carry life-size figures of famous and important people. All the floats are decorated with beautiful tapestries both from Nishijin (the finest in all of Japan) and imported from all over the world. In addition to the art, there are many traditional musicians and artists sitting in the floats. Each year the families that maintain the floats draw lots at a special meeting to determine what order they will take in the festival. These lots are issued at a special ceremony before the parade, during which the Mayor of Kyoto dons the robes of a magister. On the Naginata Hoko is the chigo, a young boy in Shinto robes and crowned by a golden phoenix, chosen from among the Kyoto merchant families as the deity's sacred page. After weeks of special purification ceremonies, during which he lives isolated from contaminating influences such as the presence of women, he is carried atop the float as he is not permitted to touch the ground. The boy must cut a sacred rope (shimenawa) with a single stroke to begin the matsuri.
ankikia
Obon festival is held in August in honor of dead people. On this day the mountains around the city or village are illuminated with special Kanji.
Obon is an annual Buddhist event for commemorating one's ancestors. It is believed that each year during obon, the ancestors' spirits return to this world in order to visit their relatives. Traditionally, lanterns are hang in front of houses to guide the ancestors' spirits, obon dances (bon odori) are performed, graves are visited and food offerings are made at house altars and temples. At the end of Obon, floating lanterns are put into rivers, lakes and seas in order to guide the spirits back into their world. The customs followed vary strongly from region to region. Obon is celebrated from the 13th to the 15th day of the 7th month of the year, which is July according to the solar calendar. However, since the 7th month of the year roughly coincides with August rather than July according to the formerly used lunar calendar, Obon is still celebrated in mid August in many regions of Japan, while it is celebrated in mid July in other regions. The Obon week in mid August is one of Japan's three major holiday seasons, accompanied by intensive domestic and international travel activities and increased accommodation rates.
Jidai festival is held in October in honor of Art. That”s why actors are representing famous personages from an each historical period. One can meet there Murasaki Shikabu (writer), Onno No Komachi (poet), Okuni (founder of Kabuki theatre) and etc.
The Jidai Matsuri (時代祭り ?) Festival of the Ages is a traditional Japanese festival (also called the matsuri) held on October 22 annually in Kyoto, Japan. It is one of Kyoto's renowned three great festivals, with the other two being the Aoi Matsuri, held annually on May 15, and the Gion Matsuri, which is held annually from 17 to July 24.[1] It is a festival enjoyed by people of all ages, participating in its historical reenactment parade dressed in authentic costumes representing various periods, and characters in Japanese feudal history. Jidai Matsuri traces its roots with the relocation of the Japanese capital to Tokyo in 1868. This involved the relocation of the Emperor of Japan and his imperial family, the Imperial Palace and thousands of government officials and subjects to the city. Fearing for Kyoto's loss in glory and interest by her people, the city government and the Kyoto Prefectural Government commemorated the 1100th anniversary of the founding of Heian-kyō (平安京) which was the former name of Kyoto, in 794 by Emperor Kammu (桓武天皇 Kanmu-tennō?) (737 - 806). To inaugurate the first Jidai celebration in 1895, the city government built the Heian Shrine (平安神宮 Heian jingū?) to enshrine the spirit of Emperor Kanmu. To add meaning to the festival, it staged a costume procession representing people of each era in Kyoto history. In 1940, the local government decided that on top of honouring Emperor Kanmu, the Jidai festival was also to be held in honour of Emperor Kōmei (孝明天皇 Kōmei-tennō?) (July 22, 1831 - January 30, 1867) for his work in unifying the country, the power of the imperial court and the affirmation of Kyoto as the center of Japan at the decline of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the Edo Era. The Jidai Matsuri begins early morning with the mikoshi (portable shrines) brought out of the Old Imperial Palace in the early morning for people to pay their respects; each mikoshi represents Emperor Kanmu and Emperor Kōmei respectively. The costume procession takes off in the afternoon, with approximately 2,000 costume performers dressed as samurais, military figures and common people from the earliest eras to the Meiji era in the five-hour, 2-km procession route to the Shrine. This is followed by a procession of Japanese womenfolk dressed in elaborate jūnihitoe (十二単衣 juunihitoe?). And trailing at the end of the procession, the mikoshis being carried from the Palace along with costumed military band playing the gagaku towards the Heian Shrine where the procession ends.
Japanese are also celebrating different kinds of Dance festival-Odori. Also they are very attentive towards the West festivals, like Christmas and Valentine”s Day. One of the best japanese traditions, which turns out as Sport festival is japanese Sumo, which is very popular all over Japan. In a Sumo training "stable" the junior rikishi Sumo wrestlers must wash and bathe their senior sumo wrestlers and make sure their hard to reach places are clean.
On my side I tried to introduce Japanese culture, provide reasons why i am so interested in this people and raise your desire to learn and find more about this country. In conclusion the fact is that this country, full of history and intreresting facts is one of the most interesting one. Why all these atitudes are provided time by time, what makes Japanese people different from others? There are many questions left after my brief article about Japan and i hope you all will get interested in this matter.
tamplieri
ვინმეს გაგიგიათ აფრიკაში მცხოვრები მანდარიოს ტომი?
data
ციტატა(tamplieri @ Dec 16 2009, 07:47 PM) *
ვინმეს გაგიგიათ აფრიკაში მცხოვრები მანდარიოს ტომი?

არა
tamplieri
ბოდიში მომითხოვია და ძროხის შარდში იბანენ ხელპირს............. ph34r.gif
HOUSE M.D.
tamplieri
კი, ოღონდ თავს, თმების გაცვენის საწინააღმდეგოდ...აპირებ? biggrin.gif
tamplieri
ციტატა(HOUSE M.D. @ Dec 17 2009, 03:44 PM) *
tamplieri
კი, ოღონდ თავს, თმების გაცვენის საწინააღმდეგოდ...აპირებ? biggrin.gif


კი, ვაპირებ dubinka.gif
N!ncho
ერთ-ერთ საიტზე წავაწღდი მსოფლიოს ხალხთა ქორწინების ტრადიციებს და გადავწყვიტე რამოდენიმე საინტერესო ინფომაცია გაგიზიაროთ nerd.gif
ესპანეთი_საქორწილო ცერემონიამდე ერთი დღით ადრე წყვილი ხელზე ყვავილს იმაგრებს,
ოჯახის უფროსი განისაზღვრება იმის მიხედვით თუ ვისი ყვავილი უფრო ადრე დაჭკნება

იაპონია_იაპონური საქორწილო ტრადიცია სიძის ოჯახში ვიზიტს გულისხმობს, სადაც წყვილი ვალდებულია სამი ყლუპი ბრინჯის არაყი_საკე დალიოს, wacko.gif ამ რიტუალის შემდეგ ისინი ოფიციალურ წყვილად ითვლებიან

ინგლისი_პატარძალს წინ მიუძღვის პატარა გოგონა, რომელიც ყვავილებს მიმოფანტავს, საქორწილო კაბის კიდეზე ბედნიერებისთვის თილისმას ამაგრებენ

შვედეთი_ცერემონიაზე გოგოს მშობლები ქალისშვილს ოქროს, ვერცხლის მონეტებით ასაჩუქრებენ, blink.gif ეს მონეტები პატარძალმა ფეხსაცმელში უნდა ჩაიდოს, ტრადიციის მიხედვით ეს მას რთულ მშობიარობას აარიდებს

გერმანია_გერმანიაში ერთ-ერთი ქართული საქორწილო ტრადიციის მსგავსად თებშებს ამტვრევენ, ერთი განსხვავებით, იქ ამ მისიას პატარძლის მეგობრები ასრულებენ dubinka.gif laugh.gif

ხორვატია_საქორწილო ცეემონიის დასრულებისთანავე სტუმრები სამგზის შემოუვლიან ჭას და ყრიან მასში ვაშლებს, რათა წყვილს სიმდიდრე არ მოაკლდეს smile.gif





HOUSE M.D.
N!ncho
ქართული დაგავიწყდა biggrin.gif 100000000000000000000000 კაციანიო ქეიფი და ბოლოს დედის გინება, შამფურებით ხმალაობა, მაგიდების ლეწვა და თეფშებში ძIლი biggrin.gif
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